Deepinder Singh |Portfolio

Similarly, nuclear topics also impact Australia and Indonesia’s strategies on the atomic energy’s coverage. In doing so, various subjects of the relation of the UK and Russia like their common history, economic ties, and strategic cooperation. Such fields as global trade and regional diplomacy are selected, as well as research of the bilateral relations with AUKUS and their participation in the G7 Summit to understand the role of nuclear components in their decisions and global balance of power.

Historical Background:

The reality between Indonesian and Australian history started thousands of years ago through interregional trade, human migration, and also some conflicts. Nevertheless, this period is not thoroughly addressed, but they have been able to face the past with dignity and strengthen the solidarity between their peoples.

Economic Ties:

The economic relationship between Australia and Indonesia has been flourishing since the past. Also, the two states are the ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (AANZFTA) partners that help create the competitiveness through trade and commerce. Australia and Indonesia cooperate in the sphere of international trade; the major business areas where they exchange the most are mining, agriculture, and education. An economic linkage still continues ongoing with the bilateral contract and external.

Defence Cooperation:

The aspect of the defense cooperation represents a vital element of the Indonesia-Australia relationship.Through common engagements in military exercise, information security and personnel development the two nations work together. In addition, the fact that even the hostile relationships, for example, the East Timor case, could be another factor that hinders the collaboration of defense. Nevertheless, these efforts are being made to intensify the joint work in the area of maritime security with the aim to put an end to terrorism.

AUKUS Alliance:

A military cooperative alliance called AUKUS was launched in 2021 that was made up of among other Australia, UK and the US and it was mainly driven by strategic reasons. The agreement is meant to provide the Australian government with whatever defense it wants in the Indo-Pacific area. AUKUS presence notwithstanding, Indonesia should carefully consider the implications of AUKUS for regional stability and Indonesia-Australia bilateral relations.

Regional Diplomacy:

both Indonesia and Australia promote trans-regional diplomacy through ASEAN, APEC and the East Asia Summit, respectively. In particular, these two countries are major drivers of peace, security and economic integration in the Indo-Pacific region. The cooperation on the issues like climate change, disaster management and counter terrorism demonstrate that there is willingness and capacity to elevate the level inter-regional cooperation.

G7 Participation:

Such participation implies Australia among the leading G7 members. The G7 is a platform for talks on the essential international matters, particularly recovery after the pandemic, environmental protection, and geopolitical threats. The Indonesian G7 engagement through multiple channels manifests its arrival to the summit of the world order.

Australian Excursion

Australian travelers touring Bali, shedding light on a subject that frequently goes unaddressed in mainstream travel recommendation. By delving into the touchy issue of crime related to Australians in Bali, consisting of theft, scams, and drug-associated offenses ,Highlighting superb instances along with the Bali Nine drug trafficking ring, potential risks that travelers maybe encounter and emphasises the significance of staying knowledgeable about local laws and customs.Moreover. It emphasises the importance of staying vigilant, fending off volatile behaviour, and in search of assistance from local government or embassy officers if needed.

The Nuclear Debate in Indonesia:

On 6 December 2011 Indonesian Parliament decided to ratify the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) which was established to deter nuclear proliferation around the globe. Indonesia implies a nuclear-weapons testings to be removed, but the operation of other nuclear power plants is not restricted. Unlimited Nuclear-Test-Ban Agreement.

Nuclear research reactor of Kartini located at Sleman district, Special Region of Yogyakarta

1. We have installed a nuclear research reactor called MPR RSG-GA Siwabessy that is situated in Serpong, Province of Banten.

2. Triga Mark III in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia for the research nuclear reactor.

Moreover, through the statement from an observer, Indonesia can make all coalitions in the country to set up nuclear reactor because of abundant materials and geological supports. The Bangka and Belitung has very rich monazite with its tin mining area. Back in July 2011, the Governor of Bangka Belitung province, asked the government to continue the implementation of the nuclear power plants program, set to be commenced in 2025-2030, in the Muntok and Permis regions. Sumatra, Java, and Bali will be supplied 40% of electricity from the plants which are 2 gigawatts of electricity with the investment of Rp 70 trillion ($8.2 billion). The Indonesian Government, especially, took notice of the Australian Government’s plan to acquire nuclear-powered submarines with attention.

Indonesia, as the most states of Southeast Asia, is stressed about the enforcement of nuclear power and the weapon race in the region.

3. Indonesia will keep addremind this Australia of all the point that should be followed Australia’s nuclear non-proliferation obligations.

4. Indonesia urges Australia to maintain its promise of the UN Charter in the spirit of keeping the peace or the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation that was drawn up and agreed upon in 1976.

5. Indonesia recommends the conduct of peace talks or any other medium that can de-escalate or assuage any conflicting condition to Australia and the involved parties. To make a statement on this one, Indonesia considers the principle of international law which contains the UNCLOS 1982, as the base to peace and security in the sea.

Consider the same in depth investigation; do not skip any little aspect of the situation.

Boiling Point: Since unity instead of resentment between Indonesia and Australia is what should be, it is warranted that they resolve disputes calmly.

Konfrontasi: An aspect of Indonesian history which requires particular attention is the contention period which spread from 1963 to 1966. The main ground for resisting Malaysia’s idea of a union between states, including areas it had gone to Indonesia on the historical pretext, was that Indonesia was opposed to it.

East Timor Crisis: Australia joined efforts with other countries and became involved in UN peace operations in East Timor in 1999. This time seemed to have further strained the relations with Indonesia. In fact, despite the fact that there was no direct conflict between the two nations, it did not undermine the fact that the incumbent showed poor government and further ventured to foreign policies.

Maritime Disputes:

The position of the boundary in the Timor Sea between Indonesia and Australia was the subject of a dispute in which the location of hydrocarbon resources served as a bone of contention. Ideally these conflicts have been resolved through negotiations and arbitration by international organizations, but the lack of reaching agreements might make the situations even more challenging.

Illegal fishing traits as well as border security issues in the waters between Indonesia and Australia will always remain, after these there are quarrels and occasional diplomatic issues.

Future Concepts of War

Cyber Warfare:Because of the ongoing technological advancement, cyber warfare become a major factor that endangers the national security. Actually, both Australia and Indonesia are likely to be subjected to cyber-warfare, and this may be the future pattern of conflicts, which will comprise cyber-attacks targeting the critical infrastructure pipelines, communication networks, and government systems.

Hybrid Warfare: 

Future conflicts may be subsumed under a hybrid form of conventional military operations, irregular warfare, cyber warfare, and information campaigns. Both the states would need to revisit their defence strategies and evolve with the changes to combat these complex threats more efficiently.

Proxy Conflicts: 

The direct military engagement of Indonesia and Australia could be non-existent but future conflicts in the area especially, could involve proxy forces received material aid by external powers. Shaping the regional security complex and avoiding spillover of proxy conflicts could be essential through the collaboration and communication between Indonesia and Australia.

Conclusion

Although settling any potential issues between Indonesia and Australia peacefully, it is worthwhile examining historical circumstances, maritime disputes and future scenarios, to cope with all the situation and hence, improving diplomatic channels of communication. Major powers like US, Russia, China share common interests of regional stability, economic prosperity, security cooperation that serve strong incentives to peacefully resolve any dispute or conflicts between them. Participation in the confidence and crisis management mechanisms at the regional level as well as the security initiatives will be important in ensuring the sustainability of this region.